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Quidditch is a sport of two teams of seven players each mounted on broomsticks played on a hockey rink-sized pitch. The pitch is rectangular with rounded corners 55 metres (60 yards) by 33 metres (36 yards) with three hoops of varying heights at either end.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.usquidditch.org/files/USQ_Rulebook_8.pdf )〕 Having been created in 2005, the sport is quite young, but it is played around the world and actively growing. The ultimate goal is to have more points than the other team by the time the snitch, a tennis ball inside a long sock hanging from the shorts of an impartial official dressed in yellow, is caught. Rules of the sport are governed by the International Quidditch Association, or the IQA, and events are sanctioned by either the IQA or that nation's governing body. To score points, chasers or keepers must get the quaffle, a slightly deflated volleyball, into one of three of the opposing hoops which scores the team 10 points.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://iqaquidditch.com/files/IQA_Rulebook_7_web.pdf )〕 To impede the quaffle from advancing down the pitch, chasers and keepers are able to tackle opposing chasers and keepers at the same time as beaters using their bludgers to take out opposing players. Once a player is hit by an opposing bludger, that player must dismount their broom, drop any ball being held, and return to and touch their hoops before being allowed back into play.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://iqaquidditch.com/files/IQA_Rulebook_7_web.pdf )〕 The game is ended once the snitch is caught by one of the seekers, awarding that team 30 points.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://iqaquidditch.com/files/IQA_Rulebook_7_web.pdf )〕 A team consists of minimum seven (maximum 21) players, of which six are always on the pitch, those being the chasers, keeper, and beaters. Besides the seeker who is off-pitch, the six players are required to abide by the * community" TITLE="#Gender or "two minimum" rule and the LGBTQ * community">gender rule which states that two players must identify as a gender other than the majority,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://iqaquidditch.com/files/IQA_Rulebook_7_web.pdf )〕 making quidditch one of the only sports that not only offers a co-ed environment but an open community to those who do not identify with the gender binary. Matches or games often run about 30 to 40 minutes but tend to be subject to varying lengths of time due to the unpredictable nature of the snitch catch. If the score at the end of the match including the 30 point snitch catch is tied (such that the team that caught the snitch was 30 points behind the other), the game moves to overtime where the snitch is constrained to the pitch's dimensions and the game ends after five minutes or when the snitch is legally caught. ==History== Quidditch has its roots in the fictional Harry Potter sport of the same name, however to denote the difference, the fictional sport uses the capitalised "Quidditch" whereas the sport played as per the IQA rules uses the uncapitalised "quidditch". The sport was created in 2005 at Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont by Xander Manshel and Alex Benepe, who later became the first commissioner of quidditch. It has grown into its own separate and distinct sport after seven〔http://internationalquidditch.org/files/IQA_Rulebook_7_web.pdf〕 publications of rulebooks. After beginning in 2005, the sport grew to the point where, in 2007, the first "IQA World Cup" took place with Middlebury taking the place of top team. Since then, yearly until 2014, there was a "World Cup" within the United States, where collegiate and community teams would compete to be the best team. While Canada often sent several Ontario or Québec teams, and Australia and France each sent one team once, the World Cup in its state never saw true international competition. In 2012, the IQA hosted the Summer Games, where five nations hosted national teams. Two years later, on July 19, 2014, the IQA hosted the Global Games in Burnaby, BC, Canada, where national teams came together to compete, with the States defeating Australia for the gold medal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Team USA wins gold at Quidditch Global Games 2014 in Burnaby )〕 Since beginning at Middlebury College, the sport has its roots in the United States, but it soon grew internationally, arriving in Canada through McGill University and Carleton University in 2009. It began to take shape around the world with teams beginning in Australia,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.quidditch.org.au/about-us/ )〕 the UK,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.quidditchuk.com/about-us/ ),〕 and France. It soon spread across Europe and the Americas, arriving in Italy, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. There are now active teams in Uganda, Malaysia, China, South Africa, Uganda, the Philippines, and Vietnam. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quidditch (sport)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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